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[hal-05722269] Optimizing release device technology for a multipheromone blend; notes on chemistry and field trapping of longhorn beetles in British Columbia, Canada
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Mike Fraser) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722269v1
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[hal-05722416] Comparative phylogeographic histories of two conifer–damaging Hylurgus bark beetles in Eurasia
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Yuan Yuan) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722416v1
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[hal-05722297] PORTRAP SORE 2021-2024: A trapping network using generic lures for early detection of non-native xylophagous species at ports-of-entry in France
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Alain Roques) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722297v1
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[hal-05722163] From eco-evolutionary perspectives to pest risk assessment in seed-borne insects: a literature review
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Thomas Boivin) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722163v1
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[hal-05722426] Looking for the best trapping design for early detection of xylophagous invaders
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Alain Roques) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722426v1
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[hal-05722175] Asymmetrical introductions between Europe and China of non-native insects associated with woody plants
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Alain Roques) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722175v1
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[hal-05722129] Emerging insect invasions and climate change: Which biocontrol strategies for effective prediction and early detection of invaders?
This chapter documents the triggering effect of global warming on the potential establishment of non-native insect pests transported with human activities, including those originating from subtropical and tropical areas. With globalization, continuous changes in trade routes and transported goods result in the increasing arrival of unanticipated emerging plant pests, which are not targeted by the quarantine lists. Following the presentation of representative case studies, the chapter details novel methods proposed for tackling such species: sentinel plantings in other continents to identify potential invaders prior to their arrival and trappings using lures with generic attractiveness at ports of entry for detecting them as early as possible upon arrival.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722129v1
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[hal-05722353] Distribution of the genetic diversity of the Oak splendour beetle Agrilus biguttatus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) across Europe
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Elodie Le Souchu) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722353v1
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[hal-05722334] Xylotrechus stebbingi, a Non-native Occasional Vector of Ceratocystis platani in Europe
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Hari Berto) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722334v1
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[hal-05722338] Testing novel generic lures in France and China for early detection of non-native cerambycid species
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Alain Roques) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722338v1
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[hal-05722194] Suivis de la cécidomyie du Douglas en France, stratégie du DSF et expérimentations conjointes avec l’INRAE
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722194v1
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[hal-05722437] Rapid expansion and impact of a new invasive insect in Douglas-fir stands in France and Wallonia (Belgium): the Douglas-fir needle midge (Contarinia pseudotsugae)
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722437v1
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[hal-05722348] Implementing trapping networks with generic lures at ports-of-entry for early detection of non- native xylophagous species
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Alain Roques) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722348v1
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[hal-05722183] Sentinel planting concepts to identify potential xylophagous invaders before or when they arrive. International conference
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722183v1
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[hal-05722281] Using multipherome blends for early detection of non-native longhorn beetle species: is the probability of detection changing with lure ageing?
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Alain Roques) 20 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05722281v1
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[hal-02648399] Open minded and open access: introducing NeoBiota, a new peer-reviewed journal of biological invasions
The Editorial presents the focus, scope, policies, and the inaugural issue of NeoBiota, a new open access peer-reviewed journal of biological invasions. The new journal NeoBiota is a continuation of the former NEOBIOTA publication series. The journal will deal with all aspects of invasion biology and impose no restrictions on manuscript size neither on use of color. NeoBiota implies an XML-based editorial workflow and several cutting-edge innovations in publishing and dissemination, such as semantic markup of and enhancements to published texts, data publication, and extensive cross-linking within the journal and to external sources.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Ingolf Kuhn) 29 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02648399v1
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[hal-02629243] Global rise in emerging alien species results from increased accessibility of new source pools
Our ability to predict the identity of future invasive alien species is largely based upon knowledge of prior invasion history. Emerging alien species-those never encountered as aliens before-therefore pose a significant challenge to biosecurity interventions worldwide. Understanding their temporal trends, origins, and the drivers of their spread is pivotal to improving prevention and risk assessment tools. Here, we use a database of 45,984 first records of 16,019 established alien species to investigate the temporal dynamics of occurrences of emerging alien species worldwide. Even after many centuries of invasions the rate of emergence of new alien species is still high: Onequarter of first records during 2000-2005 were of species that had not been previously recorded anywhere as alien, though with large variation across taxa. Model results show that the high proportion of emerging alien species cannot be solely explained by increases in well-known drivers such as the amount of imported commodities from historically important source regions. Instead, these dynamics reflect the incorporation of new regions into the pool of potential alien species, likely as a consequence of expanding trade networks and environmental change. This process compensates for the depletion of the historically important source species pool through successive invasions. We estimate that 1-16% of all species on Earth, depending on the taxonomic group, qualify as potential alien species. These results suggest that there remains a high proportion of emerging alien species we have yet to encounter, with future impacts that are difficult to predict.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Hanno Seebens) 27 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02629243v1
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[hal-04363400] Review of the Megastigmidae in Belgium and the Netherlands (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)
In this paper, we provide an overview of the seed chalcid wasps Bootanomyia spp. and Megastigmus spp. (Hymenoptera: Megastigmidae) in both Belgium and the Netherlands. Sixteen species, including six non-natives to Europe, are reported after checking over a thousand specimens. The European species Megastigmus aculeatus (Swederus, 1795) and M. suspectus Borries, 1895 are reported for the first time in Belgium. The European species Bootanomyia stigmatizans (Fabricius, 1798), Megastigmus rosae Bouček, 1971 and Megastigmus strobilobius Ratzeburg, 1848, and the Nearctic species Megastigmus atedius Walker, 1851 and Megastigmus lasiocarpae Crosby, 1913 (only the second report in Europe) are new for the Netherlands. Novel insights are offered on the ecology, morphology and phenology of Megastigmus aculeatus, Megastigmus nigrovariegatus and Megastigmus rosae.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Fons Verheyde) 24 Dec 2023
https://hal.science/hal-04363400v1
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[hal-01578870] Méthodes de lutte alternatives à l'épandage aérien de produits phytosanitaires contre les processionnaires du pin et du chêne en conditions urbaines
Contexte : Les chenilles processionnaires sont des insectes défoliateurs que l’on rencontre dans les populations de pins et de chênes et sont les formes larvaires de deux types de lépidoptères : Thaumetopoea pityocampa pour la processionnaire du pin et Thaumetopoea processionea pour la processionnaire du chêne. Leurs pullulations périodiques sont connues dans différentes régions, essentiellement le pourtour méditerranéen et la façade atlantique jusqu’au Pyrénées-Orientales pour la processionnaire du pin, et les régions d’Alsace, de Bourgogne, d’Ile-de-France, du Centre, de Poitou-Charentes et de Midi-Pyrénées pour la processionnaire du chêne. Les chenilles processionnaires de pin et du chêne sont responsables d’une dermite (appelée érucisme) en lien avec les poils urticants et allergisants qui recouvrent leur corps. A l’automne 2011, les professionnels de la forêt privée ont déposé auprès de l’Agence régionale de la santé (ARS) d’Aquitaine des dossiers de demande de traitements par voie aérienne des chenilles processionnaire du pin pour des motifs de protection de la santé publique. Ces demandes concernaient essentiellement des zones urbanisées. L’arrêté du 31 mai 2011 relatif aux conditions d’épandage des produits mentionnés à l’article L. 253-1 de code rural de la pêche maritime par voie aérienne prévoit cependant le respect d’une distance minimale de sécurité de 50 mètres vis-à-vis des habitations et jardins. Les traitements, qui doivent être mis en oeuvre à l’automne, n’ont donc pas été effectués en Aquitaine par voie aérienne en 2011. Dans ces conditions se pose la question des solutions alternatives qui seraient à mettre en oeuvre à l’avenir pour lutter contre les chenilles processionnaires du pin et du chêne dans les zones urbanisées, tant en Aquitaine que dans les autres régions concernées.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Robert Delorme) 29 Aug 2017
https://hal.science/hal-01578870v1
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[hal-01577510] Evaluation de risque simplifiée pour les Lethal yellowing type syndromes (LYTS)
La Direction Générale de l’Alimentation du ministère en charge de l’agriculture a saisi l’Anses en vue de la réalisation d’une évaluation du risque simplifiée (ERS) des LYTS. Ce travail a pour but notamment d’évaluer le risque d’introduction et l’impact économique des LYTS dans la zone ARP. La zone ARP à considérer comprend la Martinique, la Guadeloupe, la Guyane, la Réunion et Mayotte.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Michel Dollet) 25 Aug 2017
https://hal.science/hal-01577510v1
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[hal-05678907] Integrating landscape ecology into generic surveillance plans for bark‐ and wood‐boring beetles
International trade poses a growing threat to global biosecurity, with bark‐ and wood‐boring beetles representing a major concern for forest health. Non‐native species are frequently introduced at points of entry, where populations can establish in the surrounding landscape. To improve early detection, generic surveillance programs use traps in these high‐risk areas, collecting a broad spectrum of species. These traps also capture native beetles, providing insights into the potential species pool that could become exotic elsewhere. However, implementing effective landscape‐wide surveillance within reasonable resource limits remains challenging. In this study, we used trapping data of Cerambycidae and Scolytinae from 11 high‐risk areas across Europe and North America to develop practical recommendations for generic surveillance at multiple spatial scales. Specifically, we attempted to address two key questions: (1) how to maximize the single‐trap efficacy depending on the trap surroundings; and (2) how many traps should be used in a landscape‐wide sampling depending on landscape composition. Under budget constraints, we recommend prioritizing trap placement within forest patches and avoiding locations surrounded by roads or buildings. Urban‐dominated landscapes required greater sampling effort (i.e., more traps) than forest‐dominated landscapes. Deploying fewer than four traps per square kilometer might lead to an incomplete representation of the local bark‐ and wood‐boring beetle community, losing about 30%–50% of species. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of incorporating landscape ecology into generic surveillance planning to optimize trap effectiveness within resource limitations.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Davide Nardi) 03 Jul 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05678907v1
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[hal-04171539] Worldwide tests of generic attractants, a promising tool for early detection of non-native cerambycid species
A large proportion of the insects which have invaded new regions and countries are emerging species, being found for the first time outside their native range. Being able to detect such species upon arrival at ports of entry before they establish in non-native countries is an urgent challenge. The deployment of traps baited with broad-spectrum semiochemical lures at ports-of-entry and other high-risk sites could be one such early detection tool. Rapid progress in the identification of semiochemicals for cerambycid beetles during the last 15 years has revealed that aggregation-sex pheromones and sex pheromones are often conserved at global levels for genera, tribes or subfamilies of the Cerambycidae. This possibly allows the development of generic attractants which attract multiple species simultaneously, especially when such pheromones are combined into blends. Here, we present the results of a worldwide field trial programme conducted during 2018–2021, using traps baited with a standardised 8-pheromone blend, usually complemented with plant volatiles. A total of 1308 traps were deployed at 302 sites covering simultaneously or sequentially 13 European countries, 10 Chinese provinces and some regions of the USA, Canada, Australia, Russia (Siberia) and the Caribbean (Martinique). We intended to test the following hypotheses: 1) if a species is regularly trapped in significant numbers by the blend on a continent, it increases the probability that it can be detected when it arrives in other countries/continents and 2) if the blend exerts an effective, generic attraction to multiple species, it is likely that previously unknown and unexpected species can be captured due to the high degree of conservation of pheromone structures within related taxa. A total of 78,321 longhorned beetles were trapped, representing 376 species from eight subfamilies, with 84 species captured in numbers greater than 50 individuals. Captures comprised 60 tribes, with 10 tribes including more than nine species trapped on different continents. Some invasive species were captured in both the native and invaded continents. This demonstrates the potential of multipheromone lures as effective tools for the detection of ‘unexpected’ cerambycid invaders, accidentally translocated outside their native ranges. Adding new pheromones with analogous well-conserved motifs is discussed, as well as the limitations of using such blends, especially for some cerambycid taxa which may be more attracted by the trap colour or other characteristics rather than to the chemical blend.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Alain Roques) 27 Jul 2023
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04171539v1
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[hal-01228847] Analyse de risque phytosanitaire [i]Plasmopara halstedii[/i] agent responsable de la maladie du mildiou du tournesol
absent
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Frederic Suffert) 13 Nov 2015
https://hal.science/hal-01228847v1
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[hal-01578869] Analyse de risque phytosanitaire Ditylenchus dipsaci sur luzerne
Il est demandé à l’Anses de réaliser une ARP sur le nématode des tiges et bulbes (D.dipsaci) sur luzerne (M. sativa).L’ARP consiste à évaluer, selon des normes internationales1, 2 , les preuves biologiques etautres données scientifiques ou économiques pour déterminer si un organisme nuisibledoit être réglementé (ou déréglementé) et la nature des mesures phytosanitaireséventuelles à prendre à son égard. L’ARP s’attache à évaluer l'importance potentielle d'unorganisme nuisible particulier pour une zone clairement définie. Elle peut être initiée pourune ou plusieurs raisons, les plus fréquentes étant : l’identification d'une filière,l’identification d’un organisme nuisible, l’examen ou la révision d'une politique.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Philippe Castagnone-Sereno) 29 Aug 2017
https://hal.science/hal-01578869v1
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[hal-01577495] Evaluation de risque simplifiée pour Xyllela fastidiosa
En vue de possible échanges sur la présente thématique à un prochain Comité Permanent Phytosanitaire (CPP) à Bruxelles, il est demandé à l’Anses de réaliser une Evaluation du Risque Simplifiée (ERS) pour le 29/06/2012. Cette ERS devra faire notamment un bilan de la situation de Xylella fastidiosa dans le monde, détailler la biologie de la bactérie, son cycle de développement, les conditions météo et exigences climatiques nécessaires à son développement ou l’observation des symptômes, ses plantes hôtes, les moyens de contamination possibles, ainsi que les moyens de contamination possibles, ainsi que les moyens de lutte disponibles.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Charles Manceau) 25 Aug 2017
https://hal.science/hal-01577495v1
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[hal-05717593] From forest stand decline to salvage logging: Cascading impacts on saproxylic beetle diversity
1. Understanding the cascading effects of stand decline on saproxylic communities, via the induced changes in deadwood and tree-related microhabitats (TreMs), is fundamental for optimizing the management of disturbed forests. We postulated that these cascading effects would vary along decline gradients-from stand decline (proportion of declining trees) to mortality (proportion of dead trees) and subsequent salvage logging-mediated by the shifts in habitat conditions. 2. This study was conducted across three representative European forest contexts: fir forests in the Pyrenees and oak forests in the Loire Valley affected by drought disturbance, and Norway spruce forests in Bavaria affected by windstorm and bark beetle outbreak. We assessed how the taxonomic and functional α-diversity of saproxylic beetles responded to variations in the diversity and density of deadwood and TreMs, using structural equation modelling. 3. Our analysis confirmed an overall positive influence of decline processes on saproxylic beetles in conifer-dominated forests. TreM and deadwood diversity played a central role in structuring saproxylic beetle communities in stand decline contexts. The increase in TreM heterogeneity associated with stand decline or mortality enhanced saproxylic abundances, with exposed wood and trunk injuries, and deadwood-associated TreMs identified as particularly influential. Snags and large deadwood elements, especially in spruce forests, and deadwood diversity further contributed to sustaining high levels of beetle abundance. 4. Conversely, salvage logging exerted detrimental effects, especially on the saproxylophagous guild, primarily through reductions in TreM heterogeneity, and the depletion of deadwood-associated and exposed wood and trunk injury types of TreMs. 5. Given the pronounced context dependency of the processes driving these cascading community dynamics, and considering the increasing frequency, severity and spatial extent of forest disturbances and global stand decline, it is imperative to integrate this complexity into management and conservation frameworks. Addressing these mechanisms with greater precision will be critical for maintaining biodiversity within rapidly changing forest ecosystems.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Jérémy Cours) 14 Aug 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05717593v1
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[hal-05717585] Range wide analysis of genetic diversity and structure gives insights into Rosa gallica L. evolutionary history
Rosa gallica L., the French rose, is a perennial, tetraploid, heterozygous species that naturally propagates by seed and sucker. It occurs in the wild, primarily in Europe, and also exists as cultivated varieties. R. gallica cultivars were extensively bred and cultivated in France at the beginning of the 19th century. Although several hypotheses have been proposed regarding the species expansion based on historical records, none have been assessed using molecular data. Indeed, its genetic diversity has so far been investigated only at local or regional scales, hindering the identification of the evolutionary factors shaping its present-day distribution. Using 29 sequenced microsatellites, we genotyped a comprehensive sample of 1618 individuals, including wild R. gallica from 219 sites across the species range, rose cultivars, and specimens from other Rosa species. We then detected clonal lineages and characterized the range-wide genetic diversity and structure, aiming to disentangle the roles of natural and human factors in shaping the distribution of R. gallica , with particular focus on France. French diversity appears particularly structured compared to the rest of the range, suggesting multiple origins within France. Populations in South Alps, Central Eastern Europe, and Eastern France appear to have recolonized naturally from a single southern glacial refugium. In contrast, populations in the western part of France likely resulted from more recent natural or human-mediated dispersal. Finally, clonal lineages containing both wild and cultivated individuals were predominantly found in France, highlighting the role of human-mediated dispersal in 28 of the 98 French sites studied. These findings show that the present-day natural range of R. gallica was shaped primarily by post-glacial recolonization, but also reveal a contribution of human activities to its recent dispersal, particularly in France, where cultivated varieties were intensively bred and exchanged.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Clovis Pawula) 14 Aug 2026
https://hal.science/hal-05717585v1
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[hal-04385991] Persisting roadblocks in arthropod monitoring using non-destructive metabarcoding from collection media of passive traps
Background Broad-scale monitoring of arthropods is often carried out with passive traps ( e.g., Malaise traps) that can collect thousands of specimens per sample. The identification of individual specimens requires time and taxonomic expertise, limiting the geographical and temporal scale of research and monitoring studies. DNA metabarcoding of bulk-sample homogenates has been found to be faster, efficient and reliable, but the destruction of samples prevents a posteriori validation of species occurrences and relative abundances. Non-destructive metabarcoding of DNA extracted from collection medium has been applied in a limited number of studies, but further tests of efficiency are required with different trap types and collection media to assess the consistency of the method. Methods We quantified the detection rate of arthropod species when applying non-destructive DNA metabarcoding with a short (127-bp) fragment of mitochondrial COI on two combinations of passive traps and collection media: (1) water with monopropylene glycol (H 2 O–MPG) used in window-flight traps (WFT, 53 in total); (2) ethanol with monopropylene glycol (EtOH–MPG) used in Malaise traps (MT, 27 in total). We then compared our results with those obtained for the same samples using morphological identification (for WFTs) or destructive metabarcoding of bulk homogenate (for MTs). This comparison was applied as part of a larger study of arthropod species richness in silver fir ( Abies alba Mill., 1759) stands across a range of climate-induced tree dieback levels and forest management strategies. Results Of the 53 H 2 O-MPG samples from WFTs, 16 produced no metabarcoding results, while the remaining 37 samples yielded 77 arthropod MOTUs in total, of which none matched any of the 343 beetle species morphologically identified from the same traps. Metabarcoding of 26 EtOH–MPG samples from MTs detected more arthropod MOTUs (233) than destructive metabarcoding of homogenate (146 MOTUs, 8 orders), of which 71 were shared MOTUs, though MOTU richness per trap was similar between treatments. While we acknowledge the failure of metabarcoding from WFT-derived collection medium (H 2 O–MPG), the treatment of EtOH-based Malaise trapping medium remains promising. We conclude however that DNA metabarcoding from collection medium still requires further methodological developments and cannot replace homogenate metabarcoding as an approach for arthropod monitoring. It can be used nonetheless as a complementary treatment when enhancing the detection of soft-bodied arthropods like spiders and Diptera.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Lucas Sire) 12 Jan 2024
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04385991v1
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[hal-03555250] Climate-induced forest dieback drives compositional changes in insect communities that are more pronounced for rare species
Species richness, abundance and biomass of insects have recently undergone marked declines in Europe. We metabarcoded 211 Malaise-trap samples to investigate whether drought-induced forest dieback and subsequent salvage logging had an impact on ca. 3000 species of flying insects in silver fir Pyrenean forests. While forest dieback had no measurable impact on species richness, there were significant changes in community composition that were consistent with those observed during natural forest succession. Importantly, most observed changes were driven by rare species. Variation was explained primarily by canopy openness at the local scale, and the tree-related microhabitat diversity and deadwood amount at landscape scales. The levels of salvage logging in our study did not explain compositional changes. We conclude that forest dieback drives changes in species assemblages that mimic natural forest succession, and markedly increases the risk of catastrophic loss of rare species through homogenization of environmental conditions.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Lucas Sire) 03 Feb 2022
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03555250v1
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[hal-01423445] Conséquences des travaux d'entretien du lit de la Loire sur plusieurs composantes de la biodiversité au sein de la mosaïque des îles de Mareau-aux-Prés (Loiret)
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Marc Villar) 29 Dec 2016
https://hal.science/hal-01423445v1
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[hal-03605936] Dérèglement climatique et variabilité phénologique de la processionnaire du pin. Comprendre pour améliorer la lutte.
[...]
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Laura Poitou) 11 Mar 2022
https://hal.science/hal-03605936v1
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[hal-03607654] R script to simulate the phenology of the box tree moth, Cydalima perspectalis. https://zenodo.org/record/3719273
https://zenodo.org/record/3719273 - R script to simulate the phenology of the box tree moth - the flight curve of the box tree moth in Orleans (France) in 2017 - temperature dataset - photoperiod dataset
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Christelle Robinet) 14 Mar 2022
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03607654v1
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[hal-03409926] Phylogeny of gracillariid leaf‐mining moths: evolution of larval behaviour inferred from phylogenomic and Sanger data
Gracillariidae is the most taxonomically diverse cosmopolitan leaf-mining moth family, consisting of nearly 2000 named species in 105 described genera, classified into eight extant subfamilies. The majority of gracillariid species are internal plant feeders as larvae, creating mines and galls in plant tissue. Despite their diversity and ecological adaptations, their phylogenetic relationships, especially among subfamilies, remain uncertain. Genomic data (83 taxa, 589 loci) were integrated with Sanger data (130 taxa, 22 loci), to reconstruct a phylogeny of Gracillariidae. Based on analyses of both datasets combined and analyzed separately, monophyly of Gracillariidae and all its subfamilies, monophyly of the clade "LAMPO" (subfamilies: Lithocolletinae, Acrocercopinae, Marmarinae, Phyllocnistinae, and Oecophyllembiinae) and relationships of its subclade "AMO" (subfamilies: Acrocercopinae, Marmarinae, and Oecophyllembiinae) were strongly supported. A sister-group relationship of Ornixolinae to the remainder of the family, and a monophyletic leaf roller lineage (Callicercops V ari + Parornichinae) + Gracillariinae, as sister to the "LAMPO" clade were supported by the most likely tree. Dating analyses indicate a mid-Cretaceous (105.3 Ma) origin of the family, followed by a rapid diversification into the nine subfamilies predating the Cretaceous-Palaeogene extinction. We hypothesize that advanced larval behaviours, such as making keeled or tentiform blotch mines, rolling leaves and galling, allowed gracillariids to better avoid larval parasitoids allowing them to further diversify. Finally, we stabilize the classification by formally re-establishing the subfamily ranks of Marmarinae stat.rev., Oecophyllembiinae stat.rev. and Parornichinae stat.rev., and erect a new subfamily, Callicercopinae Li, Ohshima and Kawahara to accommodate the enigmatic genus Callicercops.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Xuankun Li) 30 Oct 2021
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03409926v1
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[hal-03171376] A DNA barcode-based survey of wild urban bees in the Loire Valley, France
The current decline of wild bees puts important ecosystem services such as pollination at risk. Both inventory and monitoring programs are needed to understand the causes of wild bee decline. Effective insect monitoring relies on both mass-trapping methods coupled with rapid and accurate identifications. Identifying wild bees using only morphology can be challenging, in particular, specimens from mass-trapped samples which are often in poor condition. We generated DNA barcodes for 2931 specimens representing 157 species (156 named and one unnamed species) and 28 genera. Automated cluster delineation reveals 172 BINs (Barcodes Index Numbers). A total of 36 species (22.93%) were found in highly urbanized areas. The majority of specimens, representing 96.17% of the species barcoded form reciprocally exclusive groups, allowing their unambiguous identification. This includes several closely related species notoriously difficult to identify. A total of 137 species (87.26%) show a "one-to-one" match between a named species and the BIN assignment. Fourteen species (8.92%) show deep conspecific lineages with no apparent morphological differentiation. Only two species pairs shared the same BIN making their identification with DNA barcodes alone uncertain. Therefore, our DNA barcoding reference library allows reliable identification by non-experts for the vast majority of wild bee species in the Loire Valley.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Irene Villalta) 16 Mar 2021
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03171376v1
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[hal-02632149] A new genus and species of leaf-mining moth from the French Alps, Mercantouria neli gen. n., sp. n. (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae)
The Alps are a hotspot of biodiversity in Europe with many Lepidoptera species still to be discovered. Here we describe a new gracillariid genus and species, Mercantouria neli gen. n. and sp. n. The morphology of the male genitalia is highly differentiated with unique features. DNA barcodes show that its nearest neighbor is the North American species ‘Caloptilia’ scutellariella (Braun, 1923). M. neli is known from four adults (two males and two females) collected at two localities in the French Alps. Its host plant and life cycle remain unknown.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Peter Huemer) 27 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02632149v1
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[hal-03655842] A genomic perspective on deep DNA barcode splits in European Lepidoptera
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Marko Mutanen) 30 Apr 2022
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03655842v1
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[hal-03655936] ACTIAS-WF workflow for a better account of biodiversity
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Liliana Ballesteros-Mejia) 30 Apr 2022
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03655936v1
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[hal-02622748] Census and contemporary effective population size of two populations of the protected Spanish Moon Moth (Graellsia isabellae)
Graellsia isabellae is a protected lepidopteran both in France and Spain; however, there has been considerable debate over its conservation status. Recent literature emphasised the need of monitoring population size in the different mountain ranges where this iconic species occurs. We used mark-capture-recapture and genotypes of nine molecular microsatellite markers to estimate the census (N) and contemporary effective population size (N-e) of two Spanish populations extending over similar size areas (10-15 km(2)): Puebla (Eastern Spain) and Ordesa (Western Pyrenees). Only adult males were captured and analysed, as sampling was based on the use of the synthesised female sex pheromone. Estimates of N were rather different in the two populations: 3398 males in Puebla (95% CI = 2875-4145) and 1500 in Ordesa (95% CI = 1229-1932), although the area occupied by the populations was larger and more densely forested in Ordesa than in Puebla. Several lines of evidence pointed to a moderate-large contemporary N-e at Puebla (173-178 individuals) and a one-order of magnitude lower N-e at Ordesa (27-49). Thus, N-e/N ratios were very low (0.026 and 0.01 respectively). We recommend G. isabellae to be classified as of Least Concern under the IUCN criteria; however, the high temporal fragmentation index and the very low values of the N-e/N ratios obtained for this species, as compared with those recorded for most others, are usually taken as indicators of actual threat for their conservation. As a cautionary measure, managers should aim at maintaining gene flow by ensuring connectivity of Pinus sylvestris in these areas.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Neus Mari-Mena) 26 May 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02622748v1
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[hal-05168055] Human contributions to global soundscapes are less predictable than the acoustic rhythms of wildlife
Across the world, human (anthropophonic) sounds add to sounds of biological (biophonic) and geophysical (geophonic) origin, with human contributions including both speech and technophony (sounds of technological devices). To characterize society’s contribution to the global soundscapes, we used passive acoustic recorders at 139 sites across 6 continents, sampling both urban green spaces and nearby pristine sites continuously for 3 years in a paired design. Recordings were characterized by bird species richness and by 14 complementary acoustic indices. By relating each index to seasonal, diurnal, climatic and anthropogenic factors, we show here that latitude, time of day and day of year each predict a substantial proportion of variation in key metrics of biophony—whereas anthropophony (speech and traffic) show less predictable patterns. Compared to pristine sites, the soundscape of urban green spaces is more dominated by technophony and less diverse in terms of acoustic energy across frequencies and time steps, with less instances of quiet. We conclude that the global soundscape is formed from a highly predictable rhythm in biophony, with added noise from geophony and anthropophony. At urban sites, animals experience an increasingly noisy background of sound, which poses challenges to efficient communication.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Panu Somervuo) 09 Oct 2025
https://univ-rennes.hal.science/hal-05168055v1
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[hal-03655836] The CLIMTREE Project: Ecological and socioeconomic impacts of climate-induced tree diebacks in highland forests
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Paul Schmidt Yáñez) 30 Apr 2022
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03655836v1
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[hal-03643490] Understanding density-dependent polyphenism in melanism in sub-Arctic range expanding populations of the winter moth Operophtera brumata: an ecophysiological perspective
Density-dependent polyphenism of cuticle melanization is a widespread phenomenon in Lepidopteran caterpillars. In the sub-Arctic Fennoscandian birch forest, where the Winter Moth Operophtera brumata is expanding northward and exhibits 10-year cyclical outbreaks, crowding has been associated with the promotion of melanized larvae. No such striking polyphenism is reported at lower latitudes, possible due to lower densities. However, dark pigmentation does not seem to prevail either in populations currently invading North America despite outbreak densities, raising questions on the adaptive function of polyphenism in Fennoscandia. The evolutionary significance of melanism at high densities is not fully understood, but evidence is accumulating in a number of species that it can be associated with increased immunity, predator avoidance (camouflage, warning), or thermoregulation. In the winter moth, however, the camouflage and immunity hypotheses have been rejected, and melanization even appeared to increase enemy vulnerability. We hypothesized that melanization may be an intra- and inter-specific advantage over pale competitors during outbreaks if better absorption of solar radiation allows higher body temperature and earlier nymphosis (before total defoliation), especially at midnight sun latitudes. Such thermal melanism was tested by comparing metabolic rate and phenology among larval phenotypes. Metabolic rate was found to vary greatly but was 150% higher in melanized versus pale larvae under artificial light. The causal relationship with radiation absorption was further explored using respirometry with no light, and thermography. Preliminary results on the phenology of either phenotypes will be presented. Our findings suggest ecophysiological benefits of melanization that may offset its costs on enemy resistance during outbreaks. Sliding selection regimes caused by cold summers and cyclic dynamics at the northern front likely contribute to maintaining phenotypic heterogeneity, a parameter largely neglected in attempts to predict expansions and invasions.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Mathieu Laparie) 15 Apr 2022
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03643490v1
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[hal-03655944] Approche génomique de la biosurveillance des insectes forestiers
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Loïs Veillat) 30 Apr 2022
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03655944v1
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[hal-04236374] Tracing the invasion of a leaf‑mining moth in the Palearctic through DNA barcoding of historical herbaria
Herbarium specimens collected over the centuries in different biogeographic regions have a great value for science. They represent not only an important source of information for botanists, but they also provide entomologists with paramount evidences on past diversity, distribution, abundance, and trophic associations of insects (Lees et al 2011). Here we focus on the lime leaf-miner, Phyllonorycter issikii, an invasive micromoth with an unusually higher number of haplotypes in the invaded area (Europe, Western Siberia) compared to its putative native region (East Asia) (Kirichenko et al 2011). The origin of the genetic diversity in the neocolonized region remains unclear. We surveyed over 15 thousand herbarium specimens of lime trees (Tilia spp.) collected across the Palearctic over a period of 252 years (1764–2016) looking for preserved larvae within the archival leaf mines. We found 203 herbarium specimens with leaf mines of Ph. issikii collected in East Asia, one of them dating back to 1830, i.e. 133 years before the description of the species. In contrast, only 22 herbarium specimens collected in the West Palearctic in the last three decades (1987–2015) carried leaf mines (Kirichenko et al 2022). DNA barcoding of archival specimens revealed 32 haplotypes out of which 23 were novel (not known from modern populations) and found exclusively in East Asia. Six haplotypes are shared between both native and invaded areas and only two were responsible for the recent invasion of the Western Palearctic. The remarkable number of newly discovered haplotypes in archival populations supports East Asia as the native region and the source area of invasion (Kirichenko et al 2022). Kirichenko, N. et al. (2017). From east to west across the Palearctic: phylogeography of the invasive lime leaf miner Phyllonorycter issikii (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and discovery of a putative new cryptic species in East Asia. PLoS ONE 12, e0171104. Kirichenko, N., Zakharov, E. and Lopez-Vaamonde, C. (2022). Tracing the invasion of a leaf-mining moth in the Palearctic through DNA barcoding of historical herbaria. Scientific Reports. 12: 5065 Lees, D. C. et al. (2011). Tracking origins of invasive herbivores using herbaria and archival DNA: the case of the horse-chestnut leaf miner. Front. Ecol. Environ. 9, 322–328
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde) 10 Oct 2023
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04236374v1
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[hal-02787977] WP1 Impacts on biodiversity - French site
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Christophe Bouget) 05 Jun 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02787977v1
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[mnhn-05431499] À propos de Cilix hispanica : présence en Indre-et-Loire et façon de le reconnaître plus facilement sur le terrain (Lepidoptera Drepanidae Drepaninae)
La présence de Cilix hispanica est signalée pour la première fois dans le département de l’Indre-et-Loire. En outre, les auteurs dévoilent un caractère morphologique inédit permettant de différencier de manière certaine hispanica des formes claires de glaucata sans avoir recours à l’examen des genitalia ni des codes-barres ADN. Par ailleurs, l’holotype et les deux paratypes de Cilix algirica sont figurés.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Antoine Lévêque) 25 Dec 2025
https://mnhn.hal.science/mnhn-05431499v1
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[hal-04758162] Isotrias hybridana (Hübner, [1817]) et Isotrias rectifasciana (Haworth, [1811]) sont une même espèce (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae)
Des difficultés pour différencier les mâles d’Isotrias hybridana de ceux d’I. rectifasciana ont été rencontrées lors de l’inventaire des lépidoptères sur plusieurs sites d’Occitanie. Afin de résoudre ce problème, une série d’individus d’Isotrias a été analysée. L’analyse a pris en compte des critères de morphologie externe, de structures génitales et de séquences code-barre ADN. Les résultats de l’analyse morphologique indiquent que les deux taxons ne peuvent pas être distingués, non seulement pour les mâles mais également pour les femelles, car le critère habituellement utilisé pour les différencier n’est pas discriminant. Les codes-barres ADN disponibles à l’échelle européenne suggèrent aussi qu’il n’y a qu’une seule espèce.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Gérard Labonne) 20 Dec 2024
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04758162v1
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[hal-04186404] Mécatronique et deep learning au service de l’automatisation des suivis de biodiversité en forêt
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Christophe Bouget) 23 Aug 2023
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04186404v1
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[hal-05119119] Modélisation des capacités d'invasion et d'expansion de bioagresseurs forestiers
<div><p>La modélisation est un outil qui peut permettre, d'une part, de tester des hypothèses que l'on ne pourrait pas tester facilement sur le terrain dans le but de mieux comprendre le mécanisme en jeu, et, d'autre part, de faire des simulations et des prédictions. Dans le cadre des invasions biologiques, différents types de modèles ont été développés. Ils s'intéressent aux différentes étapes d'une invasion : l'arrivée d'une espèce invasive, son établissement et son expansion. Dans ce chapitre, nous présentons un modèle décrivant la probabilité d'entrée d'un bioagresseur forestier avec l'importation de bois, des modèles de distribution qui permettent d'identifier les territoires dans lesquels il pourrait s'établir, des modèles de dispersion, et des modèles d'expansion qui décrivent à la fois les capacités de dispersion, d'établissement et de croissance des populations. Enfin, nous terminons sur une approche plus prospective. En dehors de l'étape d'entrée, les autres types de modèles peuvent être appliqués aussi bien à des espèces exotiques envahissantes qu'à des espèces natives en expansion.</p></div>
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Christelle Robinet) 18 Jun 2025
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05119119v1
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[hal-05485107] From forest decline to salvage logging: cascading impacts on saproxylic beetle diversity
Understanding the cascading effects of forest decline on saproxylic communities is fundamental for optimizing the management of disturbed forests toward biodiversity conservation objectives. We postulated that the nature and intensity of cascading pathways would vary along decline gradients, encompassing stages from stand decline to mortality and subsequent salvage logging, as mediated by shifts in habitat conditions and resource availability. This study was conducted across three representative European forest contexts: fir forests in the French Pyrenees, spruce forests in the Bavarian Alps, and oak forests in the lowlands of the Loire Valley. Within these systems, we assessed how the taxonomic and functional α-diversity of saproxylic beetles responded to variations in both the diversity and density of deadwood and tree-related microhabitats (TreMs). Our analyses identified key cascading effects of stand decline and mortality that were shaped by the considered beetle guild and by the forest type, reflecting tree species–specific disturbance legacies. Stand decline and mortality produced distinct responses within saproxylic beetle assemblages, as different successional guilds preferentially utilized either dying or dead trees. The overall influence of decline processes was positive in conifer-dominated forests. TreMs played a central role in mediating cascading processes structuring saproxylic beetle communities throughout the forest decline continuum. The increase in TreM heterogeneity associated with stand decline or mortality enhanced saproxylic diversity, with exposed wood and trunk injuries identified as particularly influential microhabitats. Snags and large deadwood elements, especially in spruce forests, and deadwood diversity further contributed to sustaining high levels of beetle diversity. Conversely, salvage logging exerted detrimental effects on numerous guilds, primarily through reductions in TreM diversity, decreased TreM trait dispersion, and the depletion of saproxylic TreMs. Given the pronounced context dependency of the processes driving these cascading community dynamics, and considering the increasing frequency, severity, and spatial extent of forest disturbances and global forest decline, it is imperative to integrate this complexity into management and conservation frameworks. Addressing these mechanisms with greater precision will be critical for maintaining functional biodiversity within rapidly changing forest ecosystems.
ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Jérémy Cours) 30 Jan 2026
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-05485107v1
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[hal-02743562] Diversity, species delimitation, and evolution of insect viruses
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ano.nymous@ccsd.cnrs.fr.invalid (Elisabeth A. Herniou) 03 Jun 2020
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02743562v1
